Urban street lighting is the perfect combination of art and technology, in which technology is the foundation, art needs the support of technology, and art is the perfect extension on the basis of perfect technology. Street lamp lighting is regarded as a new carrier for urban viewing and promotion.

It consists of lamps, wires, light sources, lamp poles, lamp arms, flanges and foundation embedded parts.

brief history

Street lamp picture

Street lamp picture

A crowd of people close to each other along the Huangpu River specially went to have a look. Later, the street lamps in the Shanghai concession were changed to gas lamps. It is transplanted from London. Its brightness is several times higher than that of kerosene lamp. In the eyes of pedestrians at night, it is simply the "sun" at night. Until 1879, Shanghai Shiliupu wharf finally lit China's first electric light, equipped with a 10 horsepower internal combustion engine generator set, equivalent to the power of a walking tractor.

At the beginning, the electric lights on the road were equipped with knife switches on each electric pole, which still needed workers to turn on and off every day. Three years later, several street lamps were used to share one switch. This form of street lamps was used in cities all over the country until the 1950s.

Britain: the attempt of artificial lighting on urban streets began in the early 15th century. In 1417, in order to brighten the dark winter night in London, London mayor Henry Barton issued an order requiring lamps to be hung outdoors. Later, his initiative was supported by the French. At the beginning of the 16th century, lighting lamps had to be installed outside the windows facing the street of residential houses in Paris. At the time of Louis XIV, many street lights appeared in the streets of Paris. In 1667, Louis XIV, known as the "Sun King", also officially promulgated the urban road lighting act. According to legend, it was precisely because of the promulgation of this decree that Louis XIV's rule was called the "bright era" in French history.

type

1. According to the height of street lamp: high pole lamp, middle pole lamp, road lamp, courtyard lamp, lawn lamp and buried lamp;

2. According to the material of street lamp pole: hot-dip galvanized iron street lamp, hot-dip galvanized steel street lamp and stainless steel street lamp;

3. According to the light source of street lamp: sodium lamp, street lamp, LED street lamp, energy-saving street lamp and new soming xenon street lamp.

4. According to the shape: Chinese lamp, antique lamp, landscape lamp, single arm street lamp and double arm street lamp.

5. According to the power supply mode: Municipal circuit lamp, solar street lamp and wind solar complementary street lamp

The street lamp relates to lighting technology and is suitable for street lamps. The purpose is to design a high-efficiency electronic energy-saving street lamp with long life, low power consumption, high power factor and low current harmonic content. The high-efficiency electronic energy-saving street lamp includes high-voltage discharge branches R1 and C1 of the power grid connected in sequence, rectifier bridges D1-D4, power factor correction branches C2, d5 and D6, high and medium frequency burr filter branches L1 and L3, high-frequency oscillation circuit bg1-bg2, starting branches L2 and C7 and lamp tube T; 80% less electricity than previous street lamps; The harmonic content is THD < 25%, and the life of the extended lamp can reach 3 to 4 times.

classification

street lamp

street lamp

Street lamps are usually classified according to the shape of the light they emit. The International Commission on lighting (CIE) suggests that the specific division method should be carried out according to three contents: projection, expansion and control.

¢Ù Projection. It indicates the diffusion degree of light emitted by lamps along the longitudinal direction of the road, which is divided into short, medium and long.

¢Ú Expansion. It indicates the diffusion degree of light emitted by lamps in the transverse direction of the road, which is divided into narrow, general and wide.

¢Û Control. Indicates the degree of glare control of lamps, which can be divided into limited, medium and strict.

Lamp height

Height determines the field of vision, so choosing a good height determines the lighting field of vision of street lamps.

1. The installation height of lamps and lanterns in the same street must be the same (the height from the luminous center to the ground). Small bend lamp one meter lamp 5-6m ordinary street long arm lamp and chandelier 6.5-7.5m fast lane arc lamp not less than 8m slow lane arc lamp not less than 6.5m

2. The special lamp type is installed according to the design requirements, and the height of the lamp is roughly equivalent to the width of the road to be illuminated. H ¡Õ L for lighting only on one side and H ¡Õ L / 2 for lighting on both sides, where H: lamp installation height (m) l: road width (m)

Lamp elevation

1. The elevation angle of lamps shall be determined by the street width and the light distribution curve of lamps, and the elevation angle of each street shall be consistent.

2. When the lamp cap is adjustable, the center line of the light source shall fall within L / 3-1 / 2 of the road width.

3. For long arm lamp (or arm lamp), after the lamp body is installed, the lamp cap side shall be tilted 100 mm higher than the pole side.

4. The elevation angle of special lamps shall be determined according to the light distribution curve.

Street lamps

Solar street lamp

Solar street lamp

1. Lamps and lanterns shall be firm and upright, and shall not be loose or skewed.

2. The lampshade shall be intact without breakage.

3. If the enamel umbrella is rusted and deformed, it shall be replaced.

4. The reflector of the lamp fails and should be replaced.

5. The reflector of lamps and lanterns shall not be damaged or deformed during transportation and installation. The lampshade shall be equipped with rubber rings to make it bright after wiping. When the lamp mouth is broken and exposed copper of porcelain, it shall be replaced.

6, lamps and lanterns can not be bent, all parts of the fixed screws need to add spring Eyeliner tight, refuse to loose.

7. The cast iron lamp cap is cracked and cannot be used if it falls off. It is unqualified without rubber.

8. The lamp body hoop shall be suitable for the pole, and the fitting of the device shall not be too long.

9. The transparent cover and reflector of the lamp body shall be cleaned and wiped during maintenance, and those that cannot be cleaned on site shall be replaced.

10. The retaining ring of the transparent cover shall be complete and easy to use to prevent the cover from falling off, and the hook shall be applied reliably.

11. The dust-proof felt strips of lamps and lanterns shall be complete, and those incomplete shall be repaired and replaced.

12. The lamp lump and the lamp tube flange must be matched with cracks and scars, the screws should be complete, and the bolt length should be able to penetrate the lamp lump flange.

13. When a lamp is suitable for bulbs of different specifications, the fixed point of the lamp port shall be adjusted to the same position as the bulb capacity to obtain the best light distribution curve.

14. All kinds of iron parts are free of serious corrosion, cracks, scars and other conditions. If the paint skin is rusted, it shall be derusted, painted or galvanized.

15. The lamp cap lead of closed lamps shall be protected by heat-resistant insulating pipe (asbestos pipe or porcelain pipe).

Vertical leather line

1. The vertical leather wire shall be insulated leather wire, with copper core less than 1.37mm and aluminum core less than 1.76mm.

2. When the vertical leather wire is connected to the overhead conductor, it shall be overlapped symmetrically on both sides of the pole, and the overlap shall be 400-600mm away from the center of the pole, and both sides shall be consistent.

3. Method of connecting vertical line to power side

4. If the vertical leather wire is more than 4m, a support shall be added in the middle to fix it. The insulated stranded wire of no less than 7 / 1.0 shall be used, and the single cross binding method in the standard issued by the bureau shall be connected.

5. When the main line and vertical line are made of different metals, the inter phase binding wire shall be used as the transition joint bow, and the maximum length of this bow shall not exceed 100mm.

6. The vertical leather wire shall have black binding wire, which shall be turned back at the insulating support. It is not allowed to wrap with this wire.

7. Plastic pipe shall be added at the hole of iron pipe or ash rod when the power line comes out, and the pipe length shall not be less than 200mm.

8. There can be at most one joint in the overhead section of the vertical line. Both sides of the joint pair shall be wrapped with 5-7 turns respectively and covered with adhesive tape. Those with different specifications cannot be butted.

9. The power cord inserted into the iron pipe and rod hole shall not have joints.

10. The vertical line shall not pass through the high-voltage line.

11. The vertical line of transformer pole close to the high-voltage lead needs 7 / 1.0 insulated stranded wire. After the back buckle of its connection with the main line, it should be wound with binding wire for 30 ~ 50mm.

12. The vertical line of street lamp shall be tied tightly, neat and appropriate, and those who break the skin and expose the bare line shall be replaced.

13. The distance between the vertical line of street lamp and the household line shall not be less than 50mm during the maximum swing.

14. During construction and maintenance, the power connection bow of vertical line shall be tightened with pliers.

15. At most two wire ends can be pressed at each wire pressing screw of capacitor and ballast. The bending direction of wire ends shall be clockwise and compressed with flat pads.

16. The zero line of the vertical line of the street lamp shall not be connected with the zero line of the user's connecting line, so as to prevent the zero line bow and the informant from reversing the power supply from the user's meter when the zero line is disconnected.

17. The lighting of public toilets shall be implemented in accordance with the household line standard issued by the Bureau.

18. After the horizontal line and vertical line of the long arm lamp (large carrying lamp) are tied on the same bottle, a transition bow shall be left.

Insurance

1. All street lamps must be installed with fuse protection and installed on the live wire.

2. For lamps with ballast and capacitor, the fuse must be installed on the outside of ballast and electric fuse.

3. Mercury lamps of 250 watts and below, incandescent lamps with 5-amp fuse. 250 Watt sodium lamps can use 7.5 amp fuses. 10 amp fuse for 400 Watt sodium lamp.

4. Incandescent chandeliers shall be equipped with two fuses, 10 amps at the pole and 5 amps at the lamp cap.

2.13 black binding wire 1.0m/m 1.5m

Long arm lamp

1. The long arm lamp hoop must wear double female, which shall be firmly fixed with the pole and shall not rotate.

2. The lamp body shall be straight, and the screws of each part shall be tightened. The included angle between the branch line and the lamp body shall not be less than 330 ¡ã, and the lamp body shall be perpendicular to the horse road.

3. After the long arm lamp body is installed, the front end should be bent about 100m / m.

4. The horizontal line of long arm lamp shall be tight and flat.

5. Transition bow shall be provided at the connection between horizontal line and vertical line of long arm lamp.

6. Ballast, capacitor and lamp fuse shall be installed at the lamp cap.

Install edit broadcast

Process flow

Insulation test ¡ú street lamp installation ¡ú electrical equipment installation ¡ú test and pressure test ¡ú self inspection, completion and acceptance of electrical system. Concealed cable embedded conduits shall be well arranged according to the civil construction sequence, and the blocking of embedded conduits shall be prevented at the same time.

Construction method

1. Insulation test: use a megger to measure the insulation resistance between wires and to the ground to check whether the cable is intact and whether there is leakage. All test values shall meet the specification requirements. After telemetering, the core wire shall be discharged to the ground. The end of the cable shall be sealed with rubber wrapping cloth and then wrapped with adhesive tape.

2. Street lamp installation:

(1) The installation height (from the light source to the ground), elevation angle and installation direction of street lamps at the same position should be consistent.

(2) The longitudinal center line of the lamp installation shall be consistent with the longitudinal center line of the lamp arm, the transverse horizontal line of the lamp shall be parallel to the ground, and there shall be no skew by visual inspection after fastening.

(3) The lamp cap shall be fixed firmly, the adjustable lamp cap shall be adjusted to the correct position according to the design, and the wiring of the lamp cap shall meet the requirements

(4) Various nuts shall be fastened, and gaskets and spring pads shall be added.

3. Installation of electrical equipment:

(1) After the materials arrive at the site, they can be installed and used only after they pass the unpacking inspection.

(2) The center line of moving contact and fixed contact shall be consistent, and the contact shall be in close contact.

(3) The switching contact of secondary circuit auxiliary switch shall act accurately and contact reliably.

(4) Mechanical and electrical locking actions shall be accurate and reliable.

(5) The grounding system must be firm and reliable and meet the requirements of drawings and specifications.

4. Test and pressure test: the commissioning equipment, instruments and instruments must be inspected and qualified by relevant units with measurement qualification recognized by the state, and shall be used and kept by special personnel.

(1) The insulation test of electrical circuit must be qualified, the impedance matching shall be appropriate, the wiring shall be correct, and the marks shall be clear and complete.

(2) The instrument shall have sensitive response, accurate measurement, correct zero position, and the indication accuracy, variation and recording accuracy shall meet the requirements of the manual.

(3) After installation, check and confirm that there is no error before itemized commissioning.

(4) After the commissioning of each sub item is completed, the system commissioning, linkage commissioning and trial operation can be carried out.

Disadvantages of LED lamps

With the national attention to energy conservation and emission reduction and the urgency of energy conservation transformation, Guangdong Province will also vigorously promote LED street lamps, while the LED street lamp scheme promoted by Guangdong Province has been widely questioned. The reason is that there are many problems in LED street lamp products, such as light attenuation, heat dissipation, lighting capacity and so on.

Problems of domestic LED street lamps:

Insufficient energy-saving illumination

LED street lamps have unique secondary optical design, which irradiates the light of LED street lamps to the required lighting area, further improving the lighting efficiency to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

Energy saving refers to the electric energy saved under the same average illumination. This average illumination cannot be just the average illumination on the ground! The light intensity of the space has a good prediction in advance for vehicles coming from afar to prevent traffic accidents! However, LED street lamps installed in China are sacrificing illuminance to save energy.

Heat dissipation problem

Street lamps are used outdoors, so they should be waterproof and dustproof, so the lamps must be sealed. After sealing, the temperature of water vapor in the lamps will continuously work in an environment with temperature of more than 100 ¡ã C and l in extreme climate. If the heat dissipation of LED street lamps is not done well, the lamps will be very easy to break or have serious light failure. In 2014, Pu micro respirator was used to solve the heat dissipation and waterproof problems of domestic high-power LED street lamps, so as to reduce the subsequent maintenance cost of products.

Penetrating ability

In rainy and foggy days, the light penetration ability of LED lights is not strong.

Easy to attract mosquitoes

Because mosquitoes particularly like the light of some wavelengths of LED lights, there are moths fighting the fire, which will affect its light efficiency.

To sum up: as a new light source, LED has irreplaceable advantages in replacing incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps, but there are still some problems in the use of high-power LED street lamps. The promotion of radical and comprehensive replacement of LED street lamps (especially main roads) may cause sequelae. In case of extreme weather, a large number of bad lamps or serious light failure may affect road safety.

The author believes that led street lamps should not be used as the lighting of urban trunk roads, but can be used as the lighting of auxiliary roads or secondary trunk roads. The small-scale use of non trunk roads not only supports the LED industry, but also accumulates experience for the future. We are afraid that the development of the great leap forward will harm the public interest.

Purchase notes

The first is whether the heat dissipation of LED street lamp is reasonable (this mainly depends on whether the heat dissipation aluminum of lamp cap is sufficient)

Second, look at the brand of LED beads. There is a big gap between good and bad,

The third is to see what the driving power supply of LED street lamps is. A good power supply is both power-saving and long service life, which is almost hard to say.

Xenon radio

High efficiency and energy saving

Power factor: greater than 0.99, xenon lamp saves 30% energy than LED lamp, 68% energy than metal halide lamp, and 70% energy than electrodeless lamp and high-pressure sodium lamp

High color rendering

The color rendering index is 92ra, and its spectrum is very close to the spectrum of sunlight. It is called "artificial small sun", which is suitable for human visual perception and is not easy to produce visual fatigue.

Color width

The color temperature ranges from 3000K to 12000k, of which 4300k and 6000K are the most ideal color temperatures.

Long life

Bulb life 12000-30000 hours.

Strong light uniformity, low heat and no pollution.

High luminous flux

Light efficiency 95-120lm / W

Low light attenuation

The annual light decline is only 3%, and the lumen maintenance rate is more than 90% after 8000 hours

Quick start

The switch is on and on, and frequent lighting has no effect.

It can be started cold or hot.

Wide voltage

The input voltage range is AC 180 ~ 260V, and the voltage fluctuation has no effect on luminous flux and service life.

Ballast protection function

Open circuit, short circuit and EOL protection; Unique lightning protection measures (swimming lightning, rolling lightning, direct lightning) and anti strong current common mode interference.

Jiangsu Entai Lighting Group Co., Ltd

Experience Member 0 Chinese Supplier

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